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Disease Profile

Cleft hand absent tibia

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

1-9 / 1 000 000

US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Infancy

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ICD-10

Q73.8

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

Aplasia of tibia with ectrodactyly; Tibial aplasia with split-hand/split-foot deformity; Ectrodactyly with aplasia of long bones;

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases; Mouth Diseases;

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 3329

Definition
Tibial aplasia-ectrodactyly syndrome is a rare condition characterized by congenital ectrodactylous limb malformations associated with tibial aplasia or hypoplasia.

Epidemiology
The incidence is estimated to be approximately 1 in 1,000,000 live births.

Clinical description
The expression of the phenotype is highly variable and ranges from bilateral aplasia of tibiae and split-hand/split-foot deformity (tetramonodactyly or transverse hemimelia) to the mildest visible manifestation, hypoplastic big toes. Additional malformations may include distal hypoplasia or bifurcation of femora, hypoor aplasia of ulnae, and minor anomalies such as aplasia of patellae, postaxial and intermediate polydactyly in association with split-hand deformity, and cup-shaped ears.

Etiology
Two susceptibility loci at 1q42.2-q43 and 6q14.1 have been identified, leading to the hypothesis that this syndrome fits the model of digenic inheritance.

Differential diagnosis
Overlap with the Gollop-Wolfgang syndrome (see this term) has been described.

Genetic counseling
The syndrome is generally inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with reduced penetrance. Autosomal recessive inheritance has also been proposed in some families.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Split hand
Claw hand
Claw hand deformities
Claw hands
Claw-hand deformities
Split-hand

[ more ]

0001171
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the tibia
Absent/small shankbone
Absent/small shinbone
Absent/underdeveloped shankbone
Absent/underdeveloped shinbone

[ more ]

0005772
Limitation of joint mobility
Decreased joint mobility
Decreased mobility of joints
Limited joint mobility
Limited joint motion

[ more ]

0001376
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the ulna
Absence/underdevelopment of inner forearm bone
0006495
Brachydactyly
Short fingers or toes
0001156
Femoral bowing
Bowed thighbone
0002980
Fibular hypoplasia
Short calf bone
0003038
Finger syndactyly
0006101
Omphalocele
0001539
Overfolded helix
Overfolded ears
0000396
Patellar aplasia
Absent kneecap
0006443
Popliteal pterygium
0009756
Postaxial hand polydactyly
Extra little finger
Extra pinkie finger
Extra pinky finger

[ more ]

0001162
Preaxial hand polydactyly
Extra thumb
0001177
Short femur
Short thighbone
0003097
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Absent forearm
0005632
Absent tibia
Absent shankbone
Absent shinbone

[ more ]

0009556
Aplasia of the 3rd finger
Absent middle finger
0009460
Autosomal dominant inheritance
0000006
Cupped ear
Cup-shaped ears
Simple, cup-shaped ears

[ more ]

0000378
Hand monodactyly
0004058
Short hallux
Short big toe
0010109
Split foot
Lobster-claw foot deformity
Split-foot

[ more ]

0001839

Organizations

Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.

Organizations Supporting this Disease

    Social Networking Websites

    • RareConnect is an online social network for patients and families to connect with one another and share their experience living with a rare disease. The project is a joint collaboration between EURORDIS (European Rare Disease Organisation) and NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Click on the link above to view the community for limb differences.

      Learn more

      These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

      Where to Start

      • The Children’s Hospital Boston has a information page on congenital limb defects. Click on the link above to view this information page.
      • More information on limb abnormalities can be found at the following link from MedlinePlus, the National Library of Medicine Web site designed to help you research your health questions.

        In-Depth Information

        • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
        • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
        • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
        • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Cleft hand absent tibia. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.